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Betel Details & Specifications |
| Useful
Link |
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| Botanical Name |
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Piper betel Linn. |
| English Name |
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Betel |
| Hindi Name |
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Pan |
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| CATEGORY |
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Carminative |
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| SOURCE |
| Part used |
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State of the part used |
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Fruits |
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Leaves |
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Fresh and dried |
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| FAMILY |
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Piperaceae |
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| GEOGRAPHICAL SOURCE |
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The plant is indigenous to India and is found in following countries :-
Ceylon
India
Italy
Malaya islands
Turky
The plant is cultivated in the hotter and damper parts of India and various other countries.
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| IDENTIFICATION |
| Organoleptic characteristics |
| Colour |
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| Odour |
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Aromatic |
| Taste |
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Sightly warm and aromatic |
| Size |
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10-18 by 5-12.5 cm |
| Physical
Standards |
| Total Ash |
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N/A |
| Moisture |
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Not more than 25 percent |
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| CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS |
| Major |
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Major chemical constituents responsible for physicochemical and therapeutic action of the herb are :-
Essential oil (0.2-1.0% )
Starch
Sugars
Tannin
Diastase (0.8-1.8%)
/p>
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| Minor |
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Minor chemical constituents of this herb are :-
Chavicol
Cadenene
Chavibetol
Isomeride of eugenol
Sesquiterpenes
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| CULTIVATION |
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It is a climbing shrub climbing by many short adventitious rootlets, very stout, much thickened at nodes, young parts glabrous. The stem is semi-woody and leaves are large, broadly ovate, slightly cordate and often unequal at base, shortly acuminate, usually 7-nerved, glabrous, thick, bright green and shining on both surfaces. Petiole is 2.5-3.0 cm. It is spikes dense, cylindrical, female 2-5-5 cm., pendulous, bracts triangular-rotundate, pelate, yellow, rachis pilose and stigmas 5 or 6, spreading stellately. Fruit is quite immense in the fleshy spike which is pendulous and about 5 cm. long. |
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| STORAGE |
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To maintain physicochemical properties and medicinal values of the herb it is recommended to maintain following storage conditions :-
Air tight containers
Protection from light
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